The Uttar Pradesh government has drafted a Bill titled “Uttar Pradesh Population (Control, Stabilization and Welfare) Bill, 2021” and has put it in the public domain, inviting suggestions from civil society on the provisions in the proposed legislation. The Bill envisages a two-child norm for reining in the state’s population growth. This article is not about the provisions of the Bill but we do need to have some idea of what it proposes. It provides for some incentives for those adhering to the proposed norms and prescribes disincentives for those who fail to do so. Those with more than two children will be debarred from contesting local elections and will be deprived of the benefits of government welfare schemes.